PHP Articles
How to Securely Hash Passwords in PHP
Use PHP's password_hash() and password_verify() functions to store and check passwords securely — never store plain text or use md5/sha1 for passwords.
self:: vs static:: in PHP
self:: always refers to the class where it's written; static:: resolves to the actual called class at runtime, enabling late static binding.
How Composer Autoloading Works in PHP
Composer's autoloader maps namespaces to folders via PSR-4, so classes load automatically without manual require statements. Learn how it works and how to regenerate it.
What Are PHP Namespaces and Why Do You Need Them?
PHP namespaces prevent class and function name collisions between libraries. Learn the namespace/use syntax and how PSR-4 autoloading relies on them.
isset() vs empty() vs is_null() in PHP
isset() checks a variable exists and isn't null; empty() also treats '', 0, and false as empty; is_null() strictly checks for null. Learn the differences.
PHP Sessions vs Cookies — What's the Difference?
Cookies store small data on the client browser; sessions store data server-side and use a cookie only to reference it. Learn when to use each in PHP.
Essential PHP Array Functions You Should Know
A practical guide to array_map, array_filter, array_reduce, in_array, and array_merge — the PHP array functions used in almost every codebase.